Haiku Before Haiku
Book (italiano):
<P>While the rise of the charmingly simple, brilliantly evocative <i>haiku</i> is often associated with the seventeenth-century Japanese poet Matsuo Basho, the form had already flourished for more than four hundred years before Basho even began to write. These early poems, known as <i>hokku</i>, are identical to <i>haiku</i> in syllable count and structure but function differently as a genre. Whereas each <i>haiku</i> is its own constellation of image and meaning, a <i>hokku</i> opens a series of linked, collaborative stanzas in a sequence called <i>renga</i>.</P><P>Under the mastery of Basho, <i>hokku</i> first gained its modern independence. His talents contributed to the evolution of the style into the <i>haiku</i> beloved by so many poets around the world?Richard Wright, Jack Kerouac, and Billy Collins being notable devotees. <i>Haiku Before Haiku</i> presents 320 <i>hokku</i> composed between the thirteenth and early eighteenth centuries, from the poems of the courtier Nijo Yoshimoto to those of the genre's first "professional" master, Sogi, and his disciples. It features 20 masterpieces by Basho himself. Steven D. Carter introduces the history of <i>haiku</i> and its aesthetics, classifying these poems according to style and context. His rich commentary and notes on composition and setting illuminate each work, and he provides brief biographies of the poets, the original Japanese text in romanized form, and earlier, classical poems to which some of the <i>hokku</i> allude.</P>
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