The methodology of English language education has been developed mainly in the English-speaking countries of 'the west' and does not always fit the needs of the rest of the world. Appropriate Methodology and Social Context investigates this state of affairs by looking at the wider social context of what happens between teachers and students. It uses an ethnographic framework to explore the complex and diverse cultures of classrooms, of student groups and teacher communities in different countries and educational environments. It goes on to argue that these factors have to be acknowledged in the design and implementation of appropriate methodologies. Although a major concern is with classroom teaching, the methodologies for curriculum and project management and design are also addressed.

'Text, Role and Context' explores fundamental issues relating to student literacies and instructor roles and practices within academic contexts. It offers a brief history of literacy theories and argues for "socioliterate" approaches to teaching and learning in which texts are viewed as primarily socially constructed. Central to socioliteracy, the concepts "genre" and "discourse community," are presented in detail. The author argues for roles for literacy practitioners in which they and their students conduct research and are involved in joint pedagogical endeavors. The final chapters are devoted to outlining how the views presented can be applied to a variety of classroom texts. Core curricular design principles are outlined, and three types of portfolio-based academic literacy classrooms are described.

This comprehensive collection of thirteen original articles covers the major issues writing teachers face. It systematically sets out the key issues in second language writing instruction to offer both pre-service and in-service teachers a guide to writing instruction grounded in current theory and research. The book includes chapters on approaches to teaching writing, needs analysis, syllabus design, lesson planning, task design, materials development, and feedback and assessment, and on using technology in writing classes and in conducting research. There are review exercises, reflection questions, and copious examples to make the book extremely useful to prospective and practicing teachers alike.

Although much has been written about the testing and evaluation of language students, few books have dealt with the much broader issue of measuring the success of language programs. Filling a critical gap in the literature of applied linguistics, Language Program Evaluation provides teachers, researchers, and administrators with a complete introduction to both qualitative and quantitative approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of their programs. Through a careful blend of theory, research, and practice, the author presents a testing model that is specifically tailored to the concerns of language education programs and which can be adapted to different contexts and updated as teaching and learning situations evolve. He proposes a shift from purely quantitative studies which consider only end-of-program achievement gains to ones that include an investigation of program process using qualitative, naturalistic methods.

This revised edition incorporates the final results of Daniel Jones' lifelong study of English pronunciation usage. It is the standard work on English phonetics. The Pronunciation of English was written originally as a detailed description of the phonetics of English, presented from the point of vew of the native English-speaking student. However, it soon established itself as a standard textbook in universities where English is a foreign language, because it provides in a the key information needed by foreign students of the language. Most of the book is devoted to a descriptive account of English pronunciation. This is followed by illustrative texts in phonetic transcription of Received Pronunciation and several regional varieties, Scottish and American pronunciation and reconstructions of Shakespearian and Chaucerian speech.

The Communicative Value of Intonation in English, originally published in 1985 by the English Language Research unit in Birmingham and revised in 1992, sets out David Brazil's description of the system of intonation in English. This model of English intonation takes a discourse-based approach and attempts to assign 'meaning' or a communicative value to the different aspects that make up the system of intonation. Chapters within the book descibe parts of the intonation system which vary according to speaker choice: the tone unit as a whole, prominence, key, pitch and orientation. Three chapters are devoted to tones and their communicative value. This is an important and controversial work, which has influenced scholars in the field and ELT materials writers alike. A cassette containing all the examples of intonation features in the book is available.

Collaborative Language Learning and Teaching is written for teachers, teacher educators and researchers who are interested in experimenting with alternative ways of organising teaching and learning, and who wish to create an environment in which teachers, learners and researchers can work together and learn from one another. This wide-ranging collection of papers focuses on issues such as: ?The central characteristics of a collaborative approach to classroom research - Appropriate theoretical models of language and learning for informing collaborative research ? Appropriate research methods, tools and techniques for collaborative investigations - Classroom tasks and patterns of organisation which facilitate cooperative learning - Organisational patterns which underlie successful collaborative teaching. The classroom-oriented studies on which the collection is based provide models for readers who wish to experiment with these ideas in their own context.

O'Malley and Chamot review the literature on learning strategies, describe and classify learning strategies in second language learning, and discuss why learning is affected in a positive manner when such strategies are used. The authors present instructional models for learning-strategy training that teachers can apply to their own classes. The material is based on current research in second language acquisition and cognitive theory.

An integrated view of communication in second language classrooms that acknowledges the importance of what teachers and students bring to the class environment. Drawing on actual classroom transcripts from a range of instructional settings, Johnson constructs a conceptual framework through which teachers can recognize how patterns of classroom communication are established and maintained, how these patterns affect students' participation in classroom events, and how their participation shapes the ways they use language for learning and their opportunities for second language acquisition. Relevant research is presented from the areas of classroom discourse, language in communities, teacher cognition, classroom learning, and second language acquisition.

This book, by one of the leading figures in applied linguistics, provides a wide-ranging and comprehensive treatment of the major issues. Its six chapters take the reader through the major tenets and debates in the field and are essential reading for anyone involved in applied linguistics and language teaching today. It outlines the historical roots of the field and its major developments over the years, and examines current issues such as language modelling and the analysis of discourse. While not neglecting theory, the book takes a practical approach and language teachers, as well as university level students, will find it a useful read.

This volume explores how a second language is acquired and what learners must do in order to achieve proficiency. The paperback edition is a collection of original essays that approaches second language acquisition from a linguistic rather than a sociological, psychological, or purely pedagogical perspective. A wide range of viewpoints and approaches is represented. However, all authors agree on the fundamental importance of linguistic theory in the study of second language acquisition. Few works have explored in depth how a second language is acquired and what the second language learner must do mentally to achieve proficiency in another language. The essays in this book provide an incisive analysis of these questions. For greater accessibility, the chapters are arranged topically from those covering the broad area of theories of acquisition to those focusing specifically on syntax, semantics, pragmatics, lexicon, and phonology in another language.

The book provides a flexible framework for helping teachers on in-service education and development programmes to investigate topics in their classrooms that are relevant to them. It also offers a wealth of ideas and activities, designed to help them develop professional knowledge, skills and attitudes.

This book provides a range of ready-to-use materials and practical guidance for teachers who are looking for ways to make their language teaching less detached, and more centred on the individual learner.

Using Folktales provides over 40 ready-to-use activities and dozens of stories which are suitable for all ages from beginner to advanced level. The paperback edition shows teachers how to take advantage of the unique literary characteristics of folk tales to facilitate language learning. It provides over forty ready-to-use activities and dozens of stories. Activities are suitable for all ages and range from beginning to advanced.

This book is the most comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of the assessment of reading in a foreign or second language.

This book is essential reading for anyone interested in evaluating languages for specific purposes (LSP).

This book helps language teachers become more aware of their teaching beliefs, attitudes, and practices. The paperback edition helps language teachers explore their teaching beliefs, attitudes and practices. It provides teachers with the kind of knowledge and guidelines that can empower them to make more informed teaching decisions. As such, teacher educators will find this a practical book to use in training courses.

The affective domain and the emotional factors which influence language learning have been of interest in the field of language teaching for a number of years. By proposing a holistic approach to the learning process, this volume takes the position that the language learning experience will be much more effective when both affect and cognition are considered. The eighteen chapters discuss issues such as memory, anxiety, self-esteem, facilitation, autonomy, classroom activities, and assessment from the perspective of affect. Affect in Language Learning will be of interest to teachers-in-preparation, teachers, teacher educators, curriculum designers, programme administrators and researchers and to those second language teaching professionals who wish to improve language teaching through a greater awareness of the role affect plays.

Beginning to Write contains over 100 writing activities suitable for elementary and intermediate learners. It shows that it is possible to take the teaching of writing seriously at an early stage in language learning. It also recognises the role writing plays in general language learning. The introduction discusses the differences between speaking and writing, the purpose of writing and the real world uses to which it is put. Process writing is discussed in a particularly clear manner and approaches to teaching writing are considered. There are activities: - to start learners writing with confidence - that practise such mechanics as capitalisation, spelling and punctuation - that focus on the writing process - that show how vaulable computers can be in teaching writing - that focus on outcomes and on the assessment of writing.

Spoken Language and Applied Linguistics argues for putting spoken language right at the centre of the syllabus. It brings together a number of separate studies by the author, based on the CANCODE spoken corpus, and weaves them together to illustrate the central role the study of spoken language can play in applied linguistics. After an introduction to the corpus, the author lays out the main components of a theory of spoken genres, with corpus examples. There then follows a broad discussion of what can/should be taught about the spoken language, followed by chapters on discourse grammar and on the sometimes parallel, sometimes different, grammatical patterning of spoken and written texts. The book then turns to lexis, with a general overview of the vocabulary of spoken language and closes with a look at another central area of language teaching, speech reporting.

This volume explores the field of contrastive rhetoric, the study of how a person's first language and culture influence his or her writing in a second language. It presents a comprehensive view of the research in this field, emphasizing the connections between contrastive rhetoric and the related disciplines of composition studies, cultural anthropology, translation studies, and text linguistics. Connor draws on this research to provide sound advice for dealing with cross-cultural issues in a variety of second language writing contexts. Her goal is to make teachers aware of the many factors influencing their students' attempts to compose effective texts and to help teachers draw on the resources individual learners bring to the writing task. It is a solid reference for researchers and teachers in the field of second language writing.